So you took your perfectly-running truck in for an oil change, and they get you to do the 'fuel system cleaning' and now, your truck has popped turbos and bent valves. They trashed your truck my friend.
Pushrods bend when valves hit pistons. That's it. I doubt highly that any sort of detonation event could've caused this - diesels run off 'detonation events' more or less... Although, as was said, if they tried to run some sort of gasser injector cleaner through the engine, it could've oversped the engine. Hearing that 'turbo popped' also sounds like it would support this theory. Bent pushrods also should not cause low compression - a bent rod becomes 'shorter' and cannot adequately travel to open a valve any longer. Low compression means bent valves, bent connecting rods, cracked pistons.
I feel they probably hydrolocked your engine. That will mean more than bent pushrods. Connecting rods, pistons, valves. Lots of stuff bends and breaks when non-compressible fluids get trapped between the piston and the head.
Two things to keep in mind here. You took a healthy, running truck in to a dealer for service. You now have a dead truck after their service.
I would not be having any conversation with anyone that involves taking the truck to another shop for repairs or paying for any repairs out of pocket. Your 30k mile, 5 year old truck should have power train warranty regardless. Pushrods and pistons are power train. You need to demand the dealer tear the engine down. You need to get GM involved asap. If the dealer or GM does not want to play, file a claim on the dealer with the BBB in your state. Do not accept any dealer B.S. that the engine was hurt/damaged before you bring the truck in. This is them trying to screw you. Most states also have a Bureau of Automotive Repair (or equivalent) that regulates dealers trying to do shady stuff. Reach out to them.
Best of luck, we're here to help.